Structural Victimization in Mining Downstreaming Policies
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Abstract
The mining downstreaming policy, which is justified as a means to transform Indonesia into a developed and self-reliant nation, needs to be examined from various perspectives. Theoretically, the national economy will grow, and the people will become more prosperous. However, in practice, this policy creates structural and systematic injustices. The objective of this study is to identify the mechanisms and structures that lead to structural victimization within mining downstreaming policies at the regional level. This study is a socio-legal study that views law more in terms of context than text, in the sense that it places the understanding and enforcement of law in conjunction with the social sciences. This approach is used to analyze how law, in the form of policies and regulations, can produce structural injustice or harm. The findings were then analyzed using descriptive-qualitative methods. The results of the study revealed complex and systematic structural injustices occurring in communities surrounding the mine as a result of the mining downstreaming policy. Structural victimization manifests itself in economic inequality, environmental exploitation, exclusive decision-making, socio-cultural shifts within the community, as well as disparities in political power and influence. This study offers a critical perspective calling for policy reforms oriented toward social justice, environmental protection, and sustainability.
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