Editors are responsible for deciding which submitted articles should be published. Decisions should be guided by the validation, significance, and quality of the work, while considering journal policies and applicable legal requirements concerning libel, copyright infringement, and plagiarism.

Manuscripts must be evaluated solely on their intellectual content, without regard to race, gender, sexual orientation, religious belief, ethnic origin, citizenship, or political philosophy.

Editors and editorial staff must not disclose information about submitted manuscripts to anyone other than the corresponding author, reviewers, potential reviewers, editorial advisers, and the publisher, as appropriate.

Unpublished materials disclosed in a submitted manuscript must not be used in an editor's own research without the express written consent of the author.

Peer review assists editors in making editorial decisions and may help authors improve their manuscripts.

Reviewers who feel unqualified to review a manuscript or unable to complete the review promptly should notify the editor and withdraw from the review process.

Manuscripts received for review must be treated as confidential documents and must not be shared or discussed with others without authorization.

Reviews should be conducted objectively. Personal criticism is inappropriate, and opinions should be expressed clearly with supporting arguments.

Reviewers should identify relevant published work that has not been cited and alert the editor to substantial similarity or overlap with other published work.

Privileged information obtained through peer review must remain confidential and must not be used for personal advantage. Reviewers should decline assignments involving conflicts of interest.

Authors should present an accurate account of the work performed and an objective discussion of its significance. Underlying data must be represented accurately, with sufficient detail and references to permit replication.

Authors must ensure that their work is entirely original and that any use of the work or words of others is appropriately cited or quoted.

Authors should not publish essentially the same research in more than one journal. Concurrent submission of the same manuscript to multiple journals is unethical and unacceptable.

Proper acknowledgment of the work of others must always be given. Authors should cite publications that have influenced the nature of the reported work.

Authorship should be limited to those who have made significant contributions to the conception, design, execution, or interpretation of the study. All appropriate co-authors must approve the final manuscript and agree to its submission.

Authors should disclose any financial or other substantive conflicts of interest that could influence the results or interpretation of the manuscript, as well as all sources of financial support.

When an author discovers a significant error or inaccuracy in a published work, the author must promptly notify the journal editor and cooperate in correcting or retracting the article where necessary.